Tensile & Bending Test | Application Overview Test Methods for Plastics
Tensile test according to ISO 527 & ISO 37 | Bending test according to ISO 178 & ASTM D 790
This list is a Excerpt the one with GALDABINI Tests that can be carried out using universal testing machines. If you are missing a standard, please ask for a list of all implemented standards. No additional software (software module / master test specification) is required to carry out these tests: The GALDABINI testing software is always supplied complete (software package).
For the different tests and their standard-compliant execution, different test tools / clamping devices / extensometer (strain gauge / long-distance strain gauge) is required.
Tensile test on plastic with the GALDABINI testing software and Quasar tensile testing machines
- ISO 527-2 sample type 1B at room temperature
- ISO527-2 Sample type 1B at elevated temperature
- ISO527-3 sample type 4
- EN 2243-3 Drum peel test honeycomb core composites
3-point bending test on plastic with GALDABINI testing technology
Tensile test / tensile testing machine ISO 527-2
specimen 1B Quasar 2,5
Tensile testing machine for tensile tests according to ISO 527-2 for determining the following parameters σY / ɛY / σM / ɛM / σB /
Through GALDBINI, thousands Tensile testing machines for tensile tests according to ISO 527-2 New since 2014 is that these tests can now also be carried out with the smallest testing machine QUASAR 2,5 kN: After this machine was also equipped with the new BECKHOFF electronics, the extensometers PLAST and MICRON are now also available for tensile tests according to ISO 527-2.
Both extensometers are able to measure the extension of the sample during the test and until the sample breaks. The PLAST extensometer measures with a resolution of 10µm (not approved for E-modulus measurement), the MICRON extensometer with 0,1µm. Depending on the sample shape and extensibility, strains of up to 1200% can be recorded.
| Result | abbreviation | Result No. |
| yield stress | σY | ~ 357 |
| breaking stress | σB | ~ 009 |
| Tensile strength | σM | ~ 015 |
| stress at x% strain | σX | ~ 150 |
| extension | ɛY | ~ 368 |
| elongation at break | ɛB | ~ 012 |
| elongation at tensile strength | ɛM | ~ 027 |
| Nominal elongation at break | ɛtB | ~ 012 |
| Nominal elongation at tensile strength | ɛtM | ~ 027 |
| tensile modulus | Et | ~ 068 |
| Poisson | µ | ~ 403 |
| Further results on request | ||
| maximum strength | Fm | ~ 015 |
| force at break | Ft | ~ 001 |
| force at yield point | FY | ~ 356 |
| Maximum deformation path | Def-max. | ~ 043 |
| deformation path at yield strain | Def-nerv | ~ 357 |
Tensile test plastic ISO527-2 specimen 1B
Tensile test at elevated temperature / on cooled samples
The GALDBINI tensile testing machines QUASAR (and its predecessor type SUN) are used thousands of times for tensile tests on Plastic according to ISO527-2. In 2015 we commissioned SCHWARTZ Technische Kunststoffe in Xanten with a universal testing machine for tensile tests, compression tests, 3-point bending tests, component testing.
This innovative company now tests the technical products and processed materials even more extensively. In addition to the typical tests of modern material testing, all tests can also be carried out in a thermal chamber at elevated temperatures (up to 200°C) and on cooled samples (down to -90°C).
A video strain gauge was installed so that the tests can be carried out in the thermal chamber in accordance with standards. Using image processing, this system is able to detect and track a contrast (black lines on light plastic / white lines on dark plastic). The changes in length (tensile strain, compression, bending) are fed directly into the GRAPHWORK testing software and are used there for the highly precise and standard-compliant evaluation of the testing of materials and components.
What is impressive about this video strain gauge is that it is able to work through the glass pane on the front of the thermal chamber. Complex solutions such as tapping the sample deformation using a mechanical, contact extensometer (through a slot in the thermal chamber) are not required here. The main advantage of this system is its ease of use (compared to contact extensometers) and that this strain gauge cannot be destroyed by mechanical sample influences (sample breakage).
According to ISO 527, the following parameters are determined:
| Result | abbreviation | Result No. |
| yield stress | σY | ~357 force measuring channel |
| breaking stress | σB | ~009 force measuring channel |
| Tensile strength | σM | ~015 force measuring channel |
| stress at x% strain | σX | ~150 Measuring channel extensometer |
| extension | ɛY | ~368 Measuring channel extensometer |
| elongation at break | ɛB | ~012 Measuring channel extensometer |
| elongation at tensile strength | ɛM | ~027 Measuring channel extensometer |
| Nominal elongation at break | ɛtB | ~012 Measuring channel traverse path |
| Nominal elongation at tensile strength | ɛtM | ~027 Measuring channel traverse path |
| tensile modulus | Et | ~068 measuring channel force/extensometer |
| Poisson | µ | ~403 measuring channel force/extensometer |
| Further results on request | ||
| maximum strength | Fm | ~015 force measuring channel |
| force at break | Ft | ~001 force measuring channel |
| force at yield point | FY | ~356 force measuring channel |
| Maximum deformation path | Def-max. | ~043 Measuring channel extensometer |
| deformation path at yield strain | Def-nerv | ~357 measuring channel force/extensometer |
Tensile test plastic EN ISO527-3 specimen type 4
Delivery example: Tensile testing machine 2,5 kN and equipment
Delivery example for a Tensile testing machine for tensile tests according to ISO 527-3 specimen type 4
- QUASAR 2,5 kN load frame capacity
- load cell 500 N
- hand-operated clamping device
- automatic strain gauge PLAST
Plastics – Determination of tensile properties of films and sheets – EN ISO 527-3
| 1 | measuring marks | Cutting strain gauges / optical tracking marks |
| b1 | width of the narrowest parallel part | 25,4 0,1 + mm |
| b2 | width at the ends | 38 mm |
| h | Thickness | <1 mm |
| Lo | Measuring length | 50mm + 0,5mm |
| L | initial distance of the clamps | 73,4 mm |
| l3 | Gesamtlänge | > 152 mm |
| r1 | small radius | 22 mm |
| r2 | large radius | 25,4 mm |
