Hardness testing device for industrial and materials engineering tests
A hardness tester is used to determine the hardness of a material. High hardness generally serves as wear protection. On the other hand, hardness is also an indicator of deformability and a criterion for assessing formability, because hard usually also means brittle and susceptible to cracking. Hardness testers measure the resistance of a material to the penetration of a test specimen under defined conditions. Depending on the material type and requirements, various methods are used, such as Brinell, Vickers and Rockwell for use.
Hardness testing devices in various designs
Various hardness testing devices are available on the market, differing in design, level of automation, and application. The range extends from compact benchtop models for simple testing tasks to fully automated systems for continuous operation in testing laboratories or production lines. The selection of a suitable device depends on the material, testing method, sample geometry, and required testing standard.
Modern hardness testers feature a robust mechanical structure, digital force application, and customizable testing software. Depending on the model, predefined test sequences can be saved, executed automatically, and documented in accordance with standards. This makes the devices suitable for both Individual tests as well as for Serial applications in quality assurance.
Standards for hardness testing
The hardness test is based on international standards that ensure procedures, test forces, and evaluation remain comparable worldwide. For common procedures such as Brinell, Vickers and Rockwell There are binding standards in each case that precisely define the framework. They form the basis for standards-compliant testing procedures and are particularly relevant for quality assurance, product release, and audits.
Features and benefits of a modern hardness tester
A modern hardness tester is designed to deliver precise and standardized measurement results with minimal time expenditure. Depending on its features, it supports both individual tests and automated test cycles in continuous operation. Pre-programmed tests can be quickly accessed, simplifying operation and reducing testing time.
Certain models automatically detect the surface of the test specimen and adjust the testing force accordingly. This automatic adjustment is particularly suitable for applications with a high sample throughput or for tasks requiring many impressions in a short time, for example, in hardness profile testing or weld seam inspections.
The most important features at a glance:
- Force application via electronic measuring cell with closed control loop
- Large selection of support tables and motorized XY tables
- Compliant with DIN EN ISO 6506-1 (Brinell), 6507-1 (Vickers), 6508-1 (Rockwell)
- High reliability with minimal maintenance
- Expandable software functions for specific testing requirements
Typical applications of a hardness tester
Hardness testers are used in numerous industries: In the automotive industry, they are used to test drive shafts, gears, and springs; in the aerospace industry, they are used for quality control of high-strength aluminum alloys. Implant materials are also tested for hardness in medical technology. Further applications can be found in the metalworking industry, toolmaking, and research institutions – in each case for quality assurance during incoming goods inspection, production, or final inspection.
How to find the right hardness tester for your requirements
The variety of hardness testing instruments available on the market and the different methods used make selecting a suitable product a challenging task, especially since not every method is equally suitable for all types of materials. Furthermore, specific testing tasks require compliance with specific criteria and conditions. Given this complexity, Expert advice essential to make an informed decision that takes into account both your budget and your technical requirements.
Knowledge: Overview of hardness testing methods
The functionality of a hardness tester is based on measuring the resistance a material offers to an applied force. The most common hardness testing methods are:
- Brinell: The Brinell hardness test involves a carbide ball A defined test force is applied and pressed into the material. The resulting spherical impression is optically measured along two diagonals, and the hardness is calculated from this. This method is particularly suitable for soft to medium-hard materials such as unalloyed steels, aluminum, etc. This process is frequently used in heavy industry and in the production of iron castings.
- Vickers: The Vickers hardness test involves a pyramid-shaped diamond tip pressed into the material with a certain force. The resulting pyramid impression is optically measured on two diagonals and the hardness is calculated from this. It is the most versatile hardness testing method because it can be used for materials from extremely soft (lead) to extremely hard (hard metal, ceramic). Vickers is often used in research and development, in quality control and in the examination of thin surface coatings. The test forces range from 1 g to 120 kg.
- Rockwell: In the Rockwell hardness test, the hardness is determined by depth difference measurement determined during the test. To do this, a diamond cone (or a hard metal ball) is subjected to a defined initial and main force and then relieved of preload. The original HRC method (Rockwell hardness with cone) was modified by varying the test forces, cones and/or hard metal balls and can therefore also be used for medium-hard or soft metals. The Rockwell method (HRC) is the most commonly used Rockwell test method and is generally used for testing very hard products such as ball bearings, crankshafts, spring steels, knives, etc.
In addition, our knowledge pages a solid basis for a fundamental understanding of the various hardness testing methods and their applicability to different metals, so that you can make a sensible pre-selection before deciding on individual advice.
Buy hardness tester at SCHÜTZ+LICHT
Since 1970, our company has specialized in the supply and service of new and used materials testing machines and has been the main dealer in Germany for INNOVATEST hardness testers since 2006.
In addition to hardness testing instruments, SCHÜTZ+LICHT offers other testing instruments for materials testing:
Advantages of hardness testers from SCHÜTZ+LICHT
Since 1970, SCHÜTZ+LICHT has specialized in the supply and service of new and used materials testing machines – with a special focus on hardness testing machines and tensile testing machinesWe have been the exclusive main dealer for INNOVATEST in Germany since 2006. When you purchase from SCHÜTZ+LICHT, you benefit from these advantages:
Lived quality
All INNOVATEST hardness testers come with a 2-year warranty, with an optional extension available.
Serving customers since 1970
Professional testing to determine whether the hardness testing task can be carried out efficiently and in compliance with standards.
quality at a fair price
Our equipment offers the best quality-price ratio.
Our know-how
We provide application advice with over 50 years of experience.
DAkkS test certificate
The delivery includes a DAkkS test certificate and detailed training.
Free support
Calibration customers receive free support.
Frequently asked questions about the hardness tester
Which metal hardness tester is suitable for my needs?
With manually operated devices, each individual test must be initiated by the operator. These less expensive hardness testers are the first choice for occasional tests.
For high-volume testing, we recommend our fully automated hardness testers, which can quickly save several hours of work per day. Qualified personnel are also becoming increasingly scarce, so personnel deployment must be optimized through automation, and operation should be error-free even for semi-skilled personnel. We recommend consulting an expert to make the best choice for your requirements.
Why should I choose a hardness tester from INNOVATEST?
An INNOVATEST hardness tester is manufactured in the Netherlands according to European quality standards and is characterized by the following features:
- High mechanical quality for long service life and reliability
- Intuitive operation: easy training even for complex testing tasks
- Globally unique features and innovations
- 2-year warranty – optionally extendable to up to 25 years, without additional framework agreement
Who calibrates my hardness tester and how do I get spare parts?
SCHÜTZ+LICHT stocks typical spare parts. Other spare parts can usually be sent by express from Maastricht within one day.
Spare parts are usually installed by our service technicians. However, simple repairs (replacing a power supply, lenses, etc.) can also be performed by the operator or your maintenance department. DAkkS calibration and maintenance of the devices are performed by SCHÜTZ+LICHT, with support from the manufacturer in special cases.
However, in approximately 90% of all "faults," troubleshooting is possible via remote maintenance (TeamViewer). All that's required is (temporary) internet access.
How often does a hardness tester need to be calibrated?
Hardness testers should be calibrated regularly to ensure reliable results that meet standards. Calibration is typically performed annually, depending on usage frequency and internal quality guidelines. For certified testing, calibration according to DAkkS standards is required.
What requirements must a test bench for a hardness testing device meet?
A suitable test setup should have a low-vibration, level surface and be protected from extreme temperature fluctuations. For automated devices, stable power connections and, if necessary, network access are also required. For heavy models, we recommend placing them on a special machine table or stand.
