Tensile testing machine for standard-compliant and individual tests
The mechanical properties of a material determine whether a product can be used reliably. A tensile testing machine enables the targeted measurement of these properties under defined conditions. It is used to precisely determine characteristic values such as tensile strength, yield strength, elongation, and modulus of elasticity.
Tensile testing machines are used wherever material quality needs to be checked, documented, or further developed. They are an integral part of modern testing laboratories, quality assurance systems, and development facilities. Their benefits lie in the early detection of material weaknesses, the comparability of test results, and compliance with binding standards. The targeted use of such systems reduces product failures, avoids complaint costs, and safeguards development processes.
How does a tensile testing machine work?
A tensile testing machine essentially consists of a vertically or horizontally mounted load frame , a movable crossbeam , one or more force transducers , and a control and evaluation unit with corresponding testing software . The specimen is clamped between two clamping devices, with the crossbeam moving at a constant speed during the test and exerting a defined tensile force on the test specimen material.
Modern systems are equipped with sensors for the precise measurement of force, displacement, and strain. The measurement signals are transmitted to the software in real time, which calculates key performance indicators, monitors test criteria, and documents the results. Depending on the requirements, the test parameters can be individually adjusted or automatically defined according to international standards.
The tensile test procedure is divided into several phases: First, the specimen is adjusted and clamped. Then, the actual testing process begins with continuous tensile loading until the breaking point is reached. During the test, the system records all relevant data, especially the relationship between stress and strain. This data forms the basis for the subsequent evaluation and decision regarding conformity, material release, or rejection.
Universal testing machine 2,5 kN
Table testing machine Q2,5:
C-frame 2,5 kN
Forces 0,02 – 2.500 N
Floor machines 200 – 2000kN
200 | 600 | 1000 | 1200 | 2000
Forces 0,02 N – 2 MN
LabTest: with ALL master test regulations
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Components of a tensile testing machine
The technical setup of a tensile testing machine consists of several precisely coordinated system components. These enable the reliable execution of standard-compliant and customized tensile tests under reproducible conditions.
- load frameDepending on the testing task and force range, a distinction is made between tabletop and floor-standing models. Tabletop testing machines are suitable for small to medium testing forces, while floor-standing models are designed for high loads up to the megawatt range. The load frame ensures structural stability and guides the crosshead precisely along the test axis.
- force transducerThe force transducer measures the tensile force acting on the specimen. High-precision sensors deliver linear measurement data across the entire force range. The selection of the appropriate force sensor depends on the expected load and the required accuracy class according to ISO 7500-1.
- clamping devicesClamping devices mechanically connect the specimen to the machine. They must be both concentrically aligned and force-fit to ensure uniform loading. Manual, pneumatic, or hydraulic clamping systems are available for different materials and specimen shapes.
- strain gaugeTo measure the strain, strain gauges are used (=EXTENSOMETER) are used. Contact extensometers measure directly on the sample, while optical systems operate without contact and are particularly suitable for sensitive or highly ductile materials. The choice of the appropriate extensometer depends on the standard, the strain rate, and the required accuracy.
- Electronics, software and safety featuresThe machine is controlled by a central electronics unit that synchronously records force, displacement, and strain signals. The testing software enables the configuration, execution, and evaluation of tensile tests according to international standards or individual specifications. Modern systems integrate safety functions such as displacement limitation, overload protection, and user management for a safe and standards-compliant testing process.
Modularity and versatile application possibilities
Tensile testing machines can be flexibly expanded with suitable additional equipment and upgraded to fully-fledged universal testing machines. With appropriate clamping devices, setups, or software modules, compression, bending, or shear tests are possible in addition to tensile tests. This modularity is particularly important for laboratories and companies that need to test various materials according to different standards. This translates to greater investment security, as the machine can be adapted to changing requirements without the need for a complete replacement. Even customized testing methods outside of standardized procedures can be implemented via the testing software.
What parameters are determined using a tensile testing machine?
A tensile testing machine measures the following material properties to assess strength and deformability:
- Tensile strength: Maximum stress that a material can withstand in a tensile test.
- Stretch limit: Beginning of plastic deformation, crucial for static stress.
- Modulus: Measure of the stiffness of a material in the elastic range.
- Elongation at break and constriction: Provide information about the elongation behavior and ductility of the sample.
- Stress-strain curve: Graphical representation of the test process for deriving all characteristic values.
- Other key figuresOptionally, the Poisson's ratio or work hardening can also be determined.
Typical application examples for tensile testing machines
Tensile testing machines are used in numerous industrial sectors where materials need to be tested for their mechanical properties. In metal processing, for example, they are used to determine the yield strength and tensile strength of steel or aluminum. In plastics engineering, elongation and modulus of elasticity can be reliably measured according to standards such as ISO 527. In medical technology, laboratories test the tensile strength of implants, surgical sutures, or biocompatible plastics. Composite materials, elastomers, and technical textiles are also regularly tested for their tensile and elongation properties. The results are incorporated into quality assurance, product release, and material development, thus forming an important basis for standards-compliant work.
Relevant standards for tensile testing machines
Different international testing standards apply depending on the type of material. These standards define test conditions, evaluation, and permissible deviations, and are responsible for the comparability and legal validity of the test results.
In industrial practice, these standards are far more than technical guidelines. They form the basis for calibrations, testing concepts, and machine approvals . Furthermore, they are crucial for legally compliant material release and play an important role in certifications, audits, and export documentation.
Here you will find an overview of all standards.
Many standards define not only the characteristic values to be determined, but also the test conditions . For tensile tests of metals, ISO 6892-1 specifies, among other things, defined test speeds, for example via Method A (strain rate control) or Method B (constant beam). Modern testing machines can be precisely adjusted to these requirements.
Tensile testing machine for standard-compliant testing speeds
The testing speed has a direct influence on the results of a tensile test and is therefore clearly defined in many standards. For metallic materials, ISO 6892-1 and ASTM E8 specify how the load must be applied during the test. This includes methods with controlled strain rate or constant beam speed. Modern tensile testing machines allow for the precise adjustment of these parameters, ensuring that standard-compliant and reproducible test results are reliably achieved.
Buy universal testing machines from SCHÜTZ+LICHT
Since 1970, SCHÜTZ+LICHT has stood for first-class material testing machines. Our focus on tensile testing machines allows us to deliver customized solutions that are precisely tailored to your requirements.
price advantage for tensile testing machines
The manufacturer GALDABINI uses exclusively high-quality components in a standardized design, which effectively reduces manufacturing costs. Although GALDABINI is among the leading suppliers, unnecessary price markups are avoided – to the benefit of our customers.
Modern testing software
The LabTest testing software impresses with its clear user interface, intuitive operating logic, and numerous predefined test sequences. Guided settings ensure operators are reliably guided through the testing process, even with complex standards. The modular structure allows for individual customization and easy expansion to meet increasing demands.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is a tensile testing machine?
A tensile tester is a testing machine that tests materials such as metal, plastic or finished products for their strength or maximum force (and ductility) by pulling them to the point of failure. It helps to understand how a material reacts under load and is essential for quality assurance and research.
Why are GALDABINI material testing machines cheaper than other manufacturers?
GALDABINI uses high-quality components for the testing machines (BECKHOFF electronics, BOSCH REXROTH spindles, brushless AC motors and digital motor controllers), produces as standard and avoids unnecessary price surcharges.
What should I pay attention to when buying a testing machine?
When purchasing a tensile testing machine, you should pay attention to the maximum force capacity (neither too large - which is more expensive - nor too small), the accuracy of the measurements and the compatibility with the materials to be tested. It is also important that the machine offers user-friendly software and comes from a manufacturer with good support and service.
What is the difference between a universal testing machine and a tensile testing machine?
A universal testing machine is a flexibly configurable testing system. Depending on its configuration, it is suitable for various testing methods such as tensile, compression, or bending tests. When used with appropriate clamping devices and an extensometer for tensile tests, it is referred to as a tensile testing machine. This term thus denotes a specific application of the universal testing machine.
